Biomechanics of judo backward breakfall for different throwing techniques in novice judokas     

Sentaro Koshida  Takanori Ishii  Tadamitsu Matsuda  Toshihiko Hashimoto 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(4):417-424

It is generally accepted that proper learning of the breakfall technique during early judo training is essential for attenuating the risk of judo-related head injury. Therefore, it is critical to understand the kinematics and head injury risks of breakfall motion to design a more safe and effective judo teaching paradigm that results in reduction of injury risk. We aimed to investigate the biomechanics of judo backward breakfalls by comparing osoto-gari and ouchi-gari in novice judokas. Twelve male novice judokas (age: 21.3 years, SD?=?0.6 years; height: 1.74?m, SD?=?0.04?m; body weight: 71.3, SD?=?6.4?kg; body mass index: 23.5, SD?=?2.3) volunteered to participate in this study. The kinematic data of the breakfall motion for both osoto-gari and ouchi-gari were collected using a three-dimensional motion analysis technique (200?Hz). We observed significant differences between the movement patterns for the two techniques, especially in the lower extremity movements. In addition, a significantly greater peak extension momentum (osoto-gari: 1.29, SD?=?0.23?kg?m^2?s^?1; ouchi-gari: 0.84, SD?=?0.29?kg?m^2?s^?1) and lower head position along the vertical axis (osoto-gari: 0.18, SD?=?0.05?m; ouchi-gari: 0.31, SD?=?0.08?m) with a large effect size were found in the breakfall for osoto-gari. Our results suggest that a different paradigm is needed for effectively teaching each breakfall technique that will enable us to substantially lower the risk of judo-related head injuries in novice judokas.  相似文献   

What factors increase Dutch child health care professionals’ adherence to a national guideline on preventing child abuse and neglect?     

《Child abuse & neglect》2016

Guidelines to support health care professionals in early detection of, and responses to, suspected Child Abuse and Neglect (CAN) have become increasingly widely available. Yet little is known about professionals’ adherence to these guidelines or the determinants that affect their uptake. This study used a cross-sectional design to assess the adherence of Dutch Child Health Care (CHC) professionals to seven key activities described in a national guideline on preventing CAN. This study also examined the presence and strengths of determinants of guideline adherence. Online questionnaires were filled in between May and July 2013 by 164 CHC professionals. Adherence was defined as the extent to which professionals performed each of seven key activities when they suspected CAN. Thirty-three determinants were measured in relation to the guideline, the health professional, the organisational context and the socio-political context. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses tested associations between determinants and guideline adherence. Most of the responding CHC professionals were aware of the guideline and its content (83.7%). Self-reported rates of full adherence varied between 19.5% and 42.7%. Stronger habit to use the guideline was the only determinant associated with higher adherence rates in the multivariate analysis. Understanding guideline adherence and associated determinants is essential for developing implementation strategies that can stimulate adherence. Although CHC professionals in this sample were aware of the guideline, they did not always adhere to its key recommended activities. To increase adherence, tailored interventions should primarily focus on enhancing habit strength.  相似文献   

Increasing hip and knee flexion during a drop-jump task reduces tibiofemoral shear and compressive forces: implications for ACL injury prevention training     

Liang-Ching Tsai  Yi-An Ko  Kyle E. Hammond  John W. Xerogeanes  Gordon L. Warren  Christopher M. Powers 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(24):2405-2411

Although most ACL injury prevention programmes encourage greater hip and knee flexion during landing, it remains unknown how this technique influences tibiofemoral joint forces. We examined whether a landing strategy utilising greater hip and knee flexion decreases tibiofemoral anterior shear and compression. Twelve healthy women (25.9 ± 3.5 years) performed a drop-jump task before and after a training session (10–15 min) that emphasised greater hip and knee flexion. Peak tibiofemoral anterior shear and compressive forces were calculated using an electromyography (EMG)-driven knee model that incorporated joint kinematics, EMG and participant-specific muscle volumes and patella tendon orientation measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Participants demonstrated a decrease in peak anterior tibial shear forces (11.1 ± 3.3 vs. 9.6 ± 2.7 N · kg^?1; P = 0.008) and peak tibiofemoral compressive forces (68.4 ± 7.6 vs. 62.0 ± 5.5 N · kg^?1; P = 0.015) post-training. The decreased peak anterior tibial shear was accompanied by a decrease in the quadriceps anterior shear force, while the decreased peak compressive force was accompanied by decreased ground reaction force and hamstring forces. Our data provide justification for injury prevention programmes that encourage greater hip and knee flexion during landing to reduce tibiofemoral joint loading.  相似文献   

CSSD护士的职业危害与防护对策相关性研究     

都模勤  王可琼  王伟迪 《科教文汇》2020,(6):90-91,94

医院消毒供应中心(CSSD)是集中全院污染的医疗用品及敷料的部门。长期与致病源、锐器、噪音、化学消毒液、高温、电器辐射、潮湿等因素接触,对CSSD员工的健康和安全产生了威胁。本文分析了CSSD的职业危害因素,并提出职业防护对策,以期提高自我防护水平,减少危害,避免发生医疗不良事件,促进CSSD护理人员的职业健康。  相似文献   

落实科学发展观 加强水污染防治     

曹志刚 《鸡西大学学报》2011,11(8):154-154

生态系统和水污染的日趋严重,资源的不合理利用都已经成为危害人民健康、制约经济和社会发展的重要因素。为加强水资源保护,防止对水资源的破坏、浪费和严重污染,应加强水资源的保护工作,及时采取有效措施全面保护水资源。  相似文献   

浅议高校大学生群体性突发事件的预防管理     

麦林 《贺州学院学报》2011,27(2):18-20

因社会因素、学校教育管理因素、学生自身因素等原因,高校大学生群体性突发事件时有发生,严重影响了高校的安全稳定。高校应增强危机意识,建立大学生群体性突发事件的识别、研判等机制,加强教育,提高管理水平,建立通畅的学生群体利益表达渠道,努力构建和谐校园文化,有效预防大学生群体性突发事件的发生。  相似文献   

福建省高校足球运动常见运动损伤的分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李守江 《绵阳师范学院学报》2011,30(5):120-124

过问卷调查,对福建省高校足球运动体育专业和非体育专业学生进行随机抽样调查,采用问卷调查、文献资料、数理统计等方法,统计分析福建省大学生足球运动中受伤部位、受伤程度、受伤原因、康复治疗等方面数据,并对足球运动损伤的预防及治疗方面提出建议与措施。  相似文献   

核心训练在篮球运动伤病防治中的应用     

黎伟军 《湖北体育科技》2011,30(2):189-190,183

核心训练在康复领域中应用广泛.结合篮球运动中伤病常见问题,探索核心训练手段方法在篮球运动员的伤病防治中的应用,帮助运动员预防不必要的损伤,提高体能素质和竞技水平.  相似文献   

国外足球运动损伤报告标准化的研究综述     

沈玉霞  袁建伟 《搏击·武术科学》2011,(4):87-89

一个标准化的损伤报告不仅为评定运动损伤提供了重要的常见症状资料,也是一个制定预防损伤方案和监测损伤发生的频率、严重程度或变化的基础。此外,标准的损伤报告可被视为预防的一部分,因为它提高了人们对足球损伤潜在问题的认识。文章通过对有关足球损伤报告的标准化做一相关综述,旨为教学和运动训练等提供一些参考和建议。  相似文献   

浅议水泥混凝土路面裂缝问题     

李卫东  郑玉栋 《科技成果管理与研究》2011,(10):65-67

水泥混凝土路面作为刚度大、强度高、稳定性好的路面结构,在现代交通环境条件下,起到的作用越来越明显。但是由于施工、设计和养护管理等各方面的原因,在行车和自然因素的不断作用下,其使用性能逐渐变差,以致出现各种类型的破坏现象,主要分为混凝土面板损坏和接缝损坏两类。文章从混凝土路面裂缝的成因、施工、养护等方面分析,探讨如何使路面处于良好的使用状态,从而提高路面的使用性能和寿命。  相似文献